Which law describes the fundamental force of electricity?

Which law describes the fundamental force of electricity?

• A. Ohm's law
• B. Coulomb's law
• C. Gauss's law
• D. Newton's law

Answer: (B)

Coulomb's law describes the electric force between stationary charges. It states that the force between two point charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, and it acts along the line connecting the charges. In vacuum, the proportionality constant is 1/(4πε0); the exact value can change with the medium, but the 1/r^2 relationship stays the same. Like charges repel and opposite charges attract, so the direction of the force depends on the signs of the charges. This inverse-square behavior and the focus on electric interaction between charges make it the fundamental description of the electric force. The other laws describe different ideas: Ohm's law connects voltage, current, and resistance in circuits; Gauss's law relates electric flux to enclosed charge; Newton's law governs motion and forces in mechanics.

Coulomb's law describes the electric force between stationary charges. It states that the force between two point charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, and it acts along the line connecting the charges. In vacuum, the proportionality constant is 1/(4πε0); the exact value can change with the medium, but the 1/r^2 relationship stays the same. Like charges repel and opposite charges attract, so the direction of the force depends on the signs of the charges. This inverse-square behavior and the focus on electric interaction between charges make it the fundamental description of the electric force. The other laws describe different ideas: Ohm's law connects voltage, current, and resistance in circuits; Gauss's law relates electric flux to enclosed charge; Newton's law governs motion and forces in mechanics.